Emory Awarded $6 Million to Study Environmental Causes of Parkinson's

Emory University has received a $6.4 million grant from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), a division of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), to examine the impact of environmental factors on the cause, prevention and treatment of Parkinson's disease and other related disorders, the NIH announced today.

The five-year grant will fund research at Emory's newly created Parkinson’s Disease Collaborative Environmental Research Center led by Gary W. Miller, PhD.

Parkinson's disease has been linked to pesticide exposure, mitochondrial damage and altered storage of the neurotransmitter dopamine. Miller and his team will probe how environmental and genetic factors interact to alter these functions in dopamine neurons. Identifying these mechanisms could lead to new treatments for the disease. The Emory team will also attempt to develop new biomarkers in the blood that will help identify people that may be at risk for developing Parkinson’s.

"This grant unites toxicologists, neurologists, biochemists, pharmacologists, statisticians and system biologists to determine how environmental factors influence Parkinson’s disease," says Miller, associate professor of environmental and occupational health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, and study principal investigator. "Our goal is to devise new strategies to diagnose, prevent and treat the disease."

Other investigators involved with the project include: Mahlon DeLong, MD, Dean Jones, PhD, Zixu Mao, MD, PhD, Tianwei Yu, PhD, Younja Park, PhD, and Stewart Factor, DO, all of Emory University; and Eberhard Voit, PhD, and Kurt Pennell, PhD, of the Georgia Institute of Technology.

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects nerve cells, or neurons, in several parts of the brain, including neurons that use the chemical messenger dopamine to control muscle movement. More than 1 million Americans suffer from Parkinson’s disease, with approximately 60,000 new cases reported each year.

-----
www.fayettefrontpage.com
Fayette Front Page
News You Can Use
Fayetteville, Peachtree City, Tyrone
www.georgiafrontpage.com
Georgia Front Page

Michael J. Fox Foundation to Support Parkinson’s Researcher at Emory

Stephen Traynelis, PhD, professor of pharmacology at Emory University School of Medicine, has earned an award from the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research for his laboratory’s work on developing new therapeutic strategies for treating Parkinson’s disease.

Traynelis' laboratory was one of nine research teams that will receive grants under the Foundation's Target Validation 2008 initiative, with his team getting $100,000 per year for two years.

Using cultured cells, Traynelis and his co-workers have identified compounds that may be able to reduce symptoms and slow disease progression. The purpose of the award is to support further studies of the compounds’ activities in neurons and animal models of Parkinson’s disease.

Traynelis’ team has been searching for compounds that selectively inhibit one type of glutamate receptor, the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. This receptor binds and responds to a chemical message (glutamate) released from neurons in the brain.

The brain makes several different types of NMDA receptors, and Traynelis has focused on the NR2D subunit, one particular subtype of NMDA receptor that is abundant in regions of the basal ganglia affected by Parkinson’s disease.

"We hypothesize that blocking this particular type of NMDA receptor will help rectify the imbalances in neuronal circuits that underlie many symptoms of Parkinson's disease," Traynelis says. "This should reduce the severity of symptoms, and possibly slow disease progression by preventing the death of cells that make and use dopamine."